SGC SG-2000 User Manual download pdf

MAY 2010 Volume 39, No 5

nchorage

mateur

adio

lub

Next Meeting MAY 7

2010, 7:00 PM

The system of three-phase alternating current electri-

cal generation and distribution was invented by a

nineteenth century creative genius named Nicola

Tesla. He made many careful calculations and meas-

urements and found out that 60 Hz (Hertz, cycles per

second) was the best frequency for alternating current

(AC) power generating. He preferred 240 volts,

which put him at odds with Thomas Edison, whose

direct current (DC) systems were 110 volts. Perhaps

Edison had a useful point in the safety factor of the

lower voltage, but DC couldn't provide the power to a

distance that AC could.

When the German company AEG built the first Euro-

pean generating facility, its engineers decided to fix

the frequency at 50 Hz, because the number 60 didn't

fit the metric standard unit sequence (1,2,5). At that

time, AEG had a virtual monopoly and their standard

spread to the rest of the continent. In Britain, differing

frequencies proliferated, and only after World War II

the 50-cycle standard was established.

Not only is 50Hz 20% less effective in generation, it

is 10-15% less efficient in transmission, it requires up

to 30% larger windings and magnetic core materials

in transformer construction. Electric motors are much

less efficient at the lower frequency, and must also be

made more robust to handle the electrical losses and

the extra heat generated. Today, only a handful of

countries (Antigua, Guyana, Peru, the Philippines,

South Korea and the Leeward Islands) follow Tesla’s

advice and use the 60 Hz frequency together with a

voltage of 220-240 V.

Originally Europe was 120V too,

just like Japan and the US today. It

has been deemed necessary to increase voltage to get

more power with less losses and voltage drop from the

same copper wire diameter. At the time the US also

wanted to change but because of the cost involved to

replace all electric appliances, they decided not to. At

the time (50s-60s) the average US household already

had a fridge, a washing-machine, etc., but not in

Europe.

The end result is that now, the US seems not to have

evolved from the 1950s and 1960s, and still copes

with problems as light bulbs that burn out rather

quickly when they are close to the transformer (too

high a voltage), or just the other way round: not

enough voltage at the end of the line (105 to 127 volt

spread).

Note that currently all new American buildings get in

fact 240 volts split in two 120 between neutral and hot

wire. Major appliances, such as virtually all drying

machines and ovens, are now connected to 240 volts.

Mind, Americans who have European equipment

shouldn't connect it to these outlets. Although it may

work on some appliances, it will definitely not be the

case for all of your equipment. The reason for this is

that in the US 240 V is two-phase, whereas in Europe

it is single phase.

Roughly speaking, to operate a particular appliance

requires a particular amount of POWER, which (at

least for resistive loads) is current (I - amps) times

voltage (E –volts). Remember from your introduction

to ham radio PIE. If you double the voltage, you draw

half the current to achieve the same power. The pri-

mary advantage of lower current is that you lose less

power in the wires feeding current to the appliance (or

you can use smaller, cheaper wires for the same power

loss rating). On the other hand, the higher voltage is

somewhat more dangerous

if accidentally touched or if

there is an accidental short

circuit.

MAY 2010 Meeting:

George Sikat. Owner operator of Mat Su

Energy. He specializes in Alternative

Power Solutions such as Wind Genera-

tion and Solar Power. Come and learn

more about Alternate Power Systems for

your HAMSHACK

1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 11 12

Summary of Contents

Page 1 - MAY 2010 Meeting:

MAY 2010 Volume 39, No 5 AAnchorage nchorage AAmateur mateur RRadio adio CClublub Next Meeting MAY 7th 2010, 7:00 PM The system of thr

Page 2 - RELAY TYPE

MAY 2010 10 Volume 39, No 5 Are you a member of ARRL? ARRL is the American Radio Relay League. This is the national or-ganization that adv

Page 3 - DOORS OPEN: 1000-1600

MAY 2010 11 Volume 39, No 5 Slow Scan TV Transmitter, with Power Supply & Hub. $50 or best offer. For more information or to see equipm

Page 4

MAY 2010 12 Volume 39, No 5 PRSRT STD U.S. Postage PAID Anchorage, AK Permit No. 69 THE MODULATION TIMES ===================================

Page 5 - Tuesday MARCH 16

MAY 2010 2 Volume 39, No 5 Some experienced electricians are relatively casual about touching 110 V circuits, but all respect 230 V. (This co

Page 6 - May 2010

MAY 2010 3 Volume 39, No 5 How do I choose the right transformer? On the back of your appliance, you will find a label describing the power r

Page 7 - PUBLIC SERVICE ACTIVITIES:

MAY 2010 4 Volume 39, No 5 The badge comes with your Name and Callsign engraved, the club logo on an arch 3 inch dome as well a

Page 8 - 2010 Board of Directors

MAY 2010 5 Volume 39, No 5 KL7AA Board Meeting Minutes ~MARCH 2010~KL7AA Board Meeting Minutes ~MARCH 2010~KL7AA Board Meeting Minutes ~MARCH

Page 9 - MONTHLY EVENTS

MAY 2010 6 Volume 39, No 5 ARES DISTRICT 7 & 5 KL7AA & KL7JFU Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri SatParka, meets at Peggy’s restaurant, 1

Page 10 - ANNOUNCEMENT:

MAY 2010 7 Volume 39, No 5 AMATEUR RADIO EMERGENCY SERVICES ARES South Central Alaska District Contact Information Don Bush, [email protected]

Page 11

MAY 2010 8 Volume 39, No 5 Any AARC sponsored repeater, with or without an auto-patch, will always be open to all licensed amateur radio oper

Page 12 - The MODULATION

MAY 2010 9 Volume 39, No 5 Who Do I Contact to Join AARC Fred Erickson KL7FE 12531 Alpine Dr Anchorage, AK 99516-3121 E-mail: membership (at

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